Everything about Ma Va totally explained
Mačva (Мачва)
(hungarian: Macsó) is a geographical region in
Serbia, mostly situated in the northwest of
Central Serbia. It is located in a fertile plain between the
Sava and
Drina rivers. The chief town of this region is
Šabac. The modern
Mačva District of Serbia is named after the region, although the region of Mačva include only northern part of this district. A small northern part of Mačva region is located in the Autonomous Province of
Vojvodina, in the
Srem District.
Name
The region is named after a town of Mačva, which existed in the Medieval Ages near the river
Sava. In the past, the region was also known as
Lower Srem, while the neighbouring region on the northern bank of the river Sava (present-day
Srem) was known as
Upper Srem.
In
Serbian, the region is known as
Mačva or Мачва, in
Hungarian as
Macsó or
Macsóság, and in
Turkish as
Maçva.
History
Mačva was inhabited since the
Stone Age. Before the Roman conquest, the region was inhabited by
Celtic
Scordisces. In the first century BC, the region was conquered by the
Romans, and Scordisces were pushed to the northern side of the
Sava river. During the Roman rule, the region was part of the provinces of
Moesia and
Pannonia.
Roman rule lasted until the 5th century, and the region was conquered by the
Sarmatians,
Huns,
Goths,
Gepids,
Langobards, and
Avars. In the 6th century, Slavic tribes settled in the region.
The region was then included into
Byzantine Empire,
Frankish Kingdom, and
Bulgaria. In the 9th and 10th centuries, the southern parts of the region were part of
Serbia. In the 11th century, the Byzantine province known as the
Thema of
Sirmium included both, the present-day region of
Srem and Mačva, thus the name of Srem became designation for the both regions. In the 12th century, southern parts of the region were part of Serbia, and northern parts part of the Byzantine Empire.
In the 13th century, the northern parts of the region were included into the
Kingdom of Hungary and
Banovina of Mačva was formed in 1274. Banovina was named after a town called Mačva, but the location of this settlement hasn't been clearly established in modern times. It is suspected that the town of Mačva existed a few kilometers down the river from modern
Šabac.
During the Hungarian rule the region was ruled by several powerful
bans. Hungarian king
Bela IV granted authority over Mačva to
Rostislav Mikhailovich, a refugee Russian prince. In the
13th century,
Bela of Macsó (grandson of Hungarian king
Bela IV) ruled Mačva as well as
Usora and
Soli (areas across
Drina river in today's northeastern
Bosnia).
Between
1282 and
1316 the Serb King
Stefan Dragutin ruled the
Kingdom of Srem, which consisted of Mačva,
Usora and
Soli. His capital cities were
Debrc (between
Belgrade and
Šabac) and
Belgrade. In that time the name
Srem was designation for two territories:
Upper Srem (present day
Srem) and
Lower Srem (present day Mačva). Kingdom of Srem under the rule of Stefan Dragutin was located in Lower Srem. Another local ruler,
Ugrin Csák, ruled over Upper Srem and
Slavonija.
At first, Stefan Dragutin was a vassal of the Hungarian king, but since the central power in the Kingdom of Hungary collapsed, both, Stefan Dragutin and Ugrin Csák were de facto independent rulers. Stefan Dragutin died in 1316, and was succeeded by his son, King
Vladislav II (
1316-
1325). Vladislav II was defeated by the king of Serbia,
Stefan Dečanski, in 1324, and after this, Mačva became a subject of dispute between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the
14th century, the bans of the
Garay family (
Pál Garay,
Miklós I Garay of Mačva and his son
Miklós II Garay of Mačva) which were under the Hungarian suzerainty expanded their rule not only to Bosnia but to
Srem and the last one also became the ban of
Slavonia and
Croatia, which was also part of the Hungarian kingdom at the time. In 1381, Mačva was part of the state of the Serbian prince
Lazar Hrebeljanović.
In the
15th century, Mačva was part of
Serbian Despotate, and since 1459, it was part of the
Ottoman Empire. It was under Ottoman rule until 1718, when it was captured by the
Habsburgs. Between 1718 and 1739, Mačva was part of the Habsburg-ruled
Serbia, and since 1739, it was again part of the Ottoman Empire. In 1788, the "Mačvanska knežina" (a local administrative unit) had 25 villages with 845 houses. The name of the local governor ("oberknez") was
Uroš Drmanović. Between
1804 and
1815, Mačva was part of
Serbia ruled by
Karađorđe, and since
1817 it was part of the autonomous
Principality of Serbia.
During
World War I,
Austro-Hungarian army committed war crimes against innocent Serb civilians in Mačva and
Podrinje.
(External Link
) Since 1918, the region was part of the
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to
Yugoslavia). Between 1918 and 1922 the region was known as Podrinjski okrug, between 1922 and 1929 as Podrinjska oblast, while between 1929 and 1941 it was part of the
Drina Banovina. Between 1941 and 1944, Mačva was part of the Axis-occupied Serbia, and since 1945, it's part of the Socialist Republic of Serbia.
Geography
Territory of Mačva is divided among 3 municipalities:
Šabac (including 18 settlements of Mačva),
Bogatić (including 14 settlements of Mačva), and
Sremska Mitrovica (including 7 settlements of Mačva). Total number of settlements in Mačva is 39, of which 36 are rural, and 3 (
Šabac,
Bogatić and
Mačvanska Mitrovica) are urban.
Education
Several teachers' associations exist in Mačva.
Inhabited places
List of largest inhabited places in Mačva (with population figures):
Šabac (55,163)
Bogatić (7,350)
Majur (6,854)
Pocerski Pričinović (5,992)
Badovinci (5,406)
Prnjavor (4,464)
Mačvanska Mitrovica (3,896)
Note: Mačvanska Mitrovica is geographically located in Mačva, but it's part of Srem District (in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina).
Famous people from Mačva
Bans and rulers of Mačva
Rostislav Mikhailovich, ban of Mačva, a refugee Russian prince.
Bela of Macsóság, ban of Mačva, a grandson of Hungarian king Bela IV.
Stefan Dragutin, king of Lower Srem (Mačva) between 1282 and 1316.
Stefan Vladislav II, king of Lower Srem (1316-1325).
János Alsáni, ban of Mačva (-1360).
Pál Alsáni, ban of Mačva.
Pál Garai, ban of Mačva, 14th century.
Miklós I Garai of Mačva, ban of Mačva, 14th century.
Miklós II Garai of Mačva, ban of Mačva, since 1387.
György I Lackfi, ban of Mačva (1392-1393).
János Maróti, ban of Mačva (1397-?).
Dezső Bánfi of Gara, ban of Mačva (-1440).
Imre Héderváry, ban of Mačva (1442-1445).
Máté Maróti, ban of Mačva (circa 1475).
Miklós Újlaki, ban of Mačva.
Uroš Drmanović, oberknez of "Mačvanska knežina" in 1788.
Other famous people
Stojan Čupić (1765-1815), also known as "Zmaj od Noćaja", was a Serbian voivod in the First Serbian Uprising.
Laza Lazarević (1851-1891), Serbian writer and psychiatrist.
Janko Veselinović (1862-1905), Serbian literate.
Bora Simić - Joja (born in 1929), poet.
Milić Stanković (1934-2000), a controversial painter who became known as Milić od Mačve (meaning "Milić of Mačva").
Dušan Kovačević (born in 1948), literate, dramaturgist.
Dragan Martinović (born in 1957), painter.
Nenad Stanković (born in 1965), painter.Further Information
Get more info on 'Ma Va'.
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